3 Sisters
An energy study for the "3 Sestrice" project, a residential complex north of Dubrovnik designed by Bosko Marusic Design and Schulz Architektur. Energy Design Lavovski collaborated closely with the planners to ensure a CO2-free future for the area.
DUBROVNIK, Gorica, DN, HRV
Latitude / Longitude 42.65 °, 18.08 °
Shopping Street: Solar Radiation, Solar Noon, and natural shading study via trees.
PROJECT
Energy Design Lavovski collaborated with Bosko Marusic and Markus Schulz for the Dubrovnik project to optimize CO2 emissions.
Bellow two visualizations by BM Design and Schulz Architekten.
Energy Design
In this initial design phase, we focused on understanding the climate, learning from local nature and translating this knowledge into practical architectural design solutions to create a sustainable future.
Overview
1. Balance with nature – 4 Elements
2. Human Comfort
3. Learning from Nature
3.1 Temperature (Fire)
3.2 Wind Speed (Air)
3.3 Ground (Earth) Temperature
3.4 Humidity (Water)
3.5 Timeplot (Time)
4. Microclimate
5. Wind
5.1 Jugo
5.2 Bura
6. Solar Orientation
6.1 Solar Potential
7. Shopping Street
1. Balance With Nature – 4 Elements
At Energy Design Lavovski, we strongly believe in architecture that corresponds with the local microclimate and natural forces. We work closely with our clients to minimize the impact of buildings on surrounding ecosystems and to implement our design principle „Form Follows Energy“.
We fundamentally believe that architecture can only be in balance with nature if it is in harmony with the 4 elements:
Fire (Sun)
Air (Wind)
Earth
Water
This project fulfills all four.
This is one of the most comfortable climates, so shade to prevent overheating, open to breezes in summer, and use passive solar gain in winter.
2. Human Comfort
This project is built and will be used by people. And people need comfort, especially thermal comfort during the vacation season. Every climate has its Energy Code Comfort Model, and this one is for the Mediterranean:
1. Comfort:
Minimum low temperature 20 °C
Maximum High temperature 23.9 °C (Up to 50% relative humidity RH)
2. Sun Shading Zone:
Minimum low temperature when Need for Shading Begins 20 °C
3. High Thermal Mass:
Max. Outdoor Temperature Difference above Comfort High 8.3 °C
Min. Nighttime Temperature Difference below Comfort High 1.8 °C
4. Natural Ventilation Cooling:
Min. Indoor Velocity to Effect Indoor Comfort 0.2 m/s
Max. Comfortable Velocity 1.5 m/s
Max. Relative Humidity 90 %
5. Wind Protection of Outdoor Spaces:
Velocity above which Wind Protection is Desirable 8.5 m/s
Temperature Above or Below Comfort Zone 11.1 °C
At 3 Sister‘s location, people will feel comfortable between the temperature range of:
20 – 23.9 °C
This is a task of Energy Design.
To achieve these values and minimize energy consumption and CO2 emissions.
3.1 Learning from Nature – TEMPERATURE
Weather Station:
DUBROVNIK, Gorica, DN, HRV
Latitude / Longitude 42.65 °, 18.08 °
TEMPERATURE RANGE
Displaying average high and low temperature during a year.
Blue is Cold, Red is Hot, Green is Comfort Zone.
Heating period Dubrovnik:
Jan, Feb, Mar, April, 3/4 May…….October, November, December
Cooling period Dubrovnik:
1/4 May, June, July, August, 1/3 September
3.2 Learning from Nature – WIND SPEED
WIND SPEED
Displaying average high and low wind speed during a year.
The wind speed is at its lowest in the summer months, which is perfect for natural ventilation.
3.3 Learning from Nature – GROUND TEMPERATURE
GROUND TEMPERATURE Displaying average ground temperature during a year.
MECHANICAL HEATING:
with Heat Pumps using ground surface temperature.
3.4 Learning from Nature – HUMIDITY
During the summer months in the Dubrovnik region, the relative humidity remains around 60% between 8:00 AM and 8:00 PM, creating favorable conditions for effective natural ventilation.
3.5 Learning from Nature – TIMEPLOT
4 Microclimate
We have a 3 different architecture types divided in 3 microclimate zones:
Microclimate 1:
The shopping zone was built using local materials such as stone, which provide a higher thermal mass for the accumulation of solar energy. Built on 2 floors with atriums for night cooling and open to the prevailing Jugo wind for natural ventilation. The master plan is based on the historic old town of Dubrovnik to minimize the surface areas exposed to the sun. The microclimate in the boutique street is cooled in summer by water reservoirs and plants.
Microclimate 2:
Hotels orientated towards south for maximum daylight, sun exposure in winter and overhangs for minimized solar gain in summer. Green roofs and swimming pools increase the overall comfort of users during summer days.
Microclimate 3:
The wind-shaped form acts as an air catcher.
5 Wind
3 prevailing winds:
Jugo – warm, humid southerly wind that blows from the Mediterranean.
Bura – is a dry north/northeast wind that blows from the Velebit Mountains directly to the Adriatic Sea.
Tramontana – is northerly, cold, often gusty wind.
5.1 Wind – JUGO
Microclimate 1:
This area is open to the prevailing Jugo wind and is used for natural ventilation and to protect the shopping street from heavy winters winds.
Microclimate 2:
The Jugo wind is drawn via the main wind/energy line and distributed to the hotels for the summer breeze.
Microclimate 3:
Final wind destination on the top of the hill for clean air supply.
5.2 Wind – BURA
Microclimate 1:
The main shopping street is aligned parallel to the Bura so that it does not act as a wind blocker and does not lose sun heat gain in winter.
Microclimate 2:
The hotels are aligned parallel to the Bura so they don‘t act as a wind blocker and does not lose solar heat gain in winter.
Microclimate 3:
Final wind destination on the top of the hill for clean air supply.
6. Solar Orientation
Microclimate 1:
East – West
Microclimate 2:
East – West, South – North
Microclimate 3:
Solar shaped form.
6.1. Solar Potential
Around 80 % of the electricity consumption can be covered by photovoltaics, using only the built-up areas.
7. Shopping Street
Human comfort when shopping requires a pleasant climate, higher humidity and shadow.
Optimization of the wind flow through street orientation
3 Sestrice
a project by Schulz-Architektur ZT GmbH & BM Design
Elisabethstraße 52
8010 Graz
Austria
office@schulz-architektur.com
www.schulz-architektur.com
www.boskomarusic.com/
Energy study by Energy Design Lavovski
Tri Sestrice
Energy Design
